index - staged files
snapshot - in source control
git status -s
git log
see hash of snapshot contents. each commit get new hash, usually can abbreviate hash using first 7 chars of the hash
git show <hash>
git gui
git log --pretty=raw or oneline
https://gist.github.com/ralfebert/515937
git checkout restores the files from the index
git diff 7char1...7char2 or git log -p
git tag labelname1 7char1 gives a tag to a commit
use a branch to create changes seperate from our main changes (i.e. master)
branch is a label to a commit - git branch -v
git branch newfeature creates a branch
switch between branches using git checkout <branchname>
if you are positioned on master you can do git merge newfeaure
gitk can be entered at command prompt
remotes is connection from one git repository to another
git remote -v shows connections
push your master to git hub (i.e. origin) : git push -u origin master
merging happens automatically when pulling from remote
In GitHub , What is a Fork
At some point you may find yourself wanting to contribute to someone else's project, or would like to use someone's project as the starting point for your own. This is known as "forking"[more]
https://help.github.com/articles/using-pull-requests
Pull requests let you tell others about changes you've pushed to a GitHub repository. Once a pull request is sent, interested parties can review the set of changes, discuss potential modifications, and even push follow-up commits if necessary.There is the git-flow . See talk
